Name
The English name comes from the country's Dutch name, meaning "the lowlands" and describing its geographic area.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
CountryTranscontinental
Netherlands
52.42° N, 5.61° E
Mean elevation of 30 m — the 7th lowest of 168 countries.
mean elevation 30 m · 162nd/168
CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · ranks computed across the countries in this atlas that carry the value
- Population
- 17,332,850
- Natural Earth population estimate.
- Area
- 41,543 km²
- Official total area (land + water) from the CIA World Factbook. Computed from the Natural Earth boundary: ≈ 37,278 km².
- Population density
- ≈ 465 / km²
- Population divided by the computed boundary area.
- ISO codes
- NL · NLD
- GDP (nominal)
- $1.23 trillion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $70,900
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Netherlands 41,543 km²Armenia 29,743 km²
geometry: Natural Earth 1:50m · EPSG:6933 equal-area
Where Netherlands sits in the world
Each line is every country in this atlas that carries the value, ordered smallest to largest. The line down the middle is the world median; the mark on each line is this country.
- Median age42.2 years46th of 224 · median 32.6 years
- Life expectancy81.9 years37th of 224 · median 76.2 years
- Fertility rate1.62 children per woman163rd of 225 · median 1.92 children per woman
- Population17,332,85067th of 235 · median 5,454,073
- Total area41,543 km²133rd of 228 · median 83,736 km²
- Coastline451 km109th of 229 · median 402 km
Overview
Climate
A temperate marine climate has cool summers and mild winters.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
People and society
The Randstad, anchored by Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region. The population includes Dutch, EU (excluding Dutch), Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese, Indonesian, and others. Dutch is an official language, and Frisian is official in Fryslan province. People identify as Roman Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish, or as having no religion. Protestant includes Dutch Reformed, Protestant Church of The Netherlands, and Calvinist.
The north tends to be less dense, while sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Flag and symbols
Three equal horizontal bands form the flag: bright red at the top, followed by white and cobalt blue. The colors come from William I, Prince of Orange; the upper band was originally orange, but the dye would turn red over time, so red became permanent. The national symbols are the lion and daisy.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Key figures
CIA World Factbook
Economy
- GDP (nominal)
- $1.23 trillion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP (PPP)
- $1.28 trillion
- Field “Economy → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $70,900
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP growth
- +1%
- Field “Economy → Real GDP growth rate → Real GDP growth rate 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Inflation (consumer prices)
- 3.3%
- Field “Economy → Inflation rate (consumer prices) → Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Unemployment
- 3.6%
- Field “Economy → Unemployment rate → Unemployment rate 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Exports
- $1.03 trillion
- Field “Economy → Exports → Exports 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Imports
- $884.15 billion
- Field “Economy → Imports → Imports 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
People
- Life expectancy
- 81.9 years
- Field “People and Society → Life expectancy at birth → total population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Median age
- 42.2 years
- Field “People and Society → Median age → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Birth rate
- 10.68 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Birth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Death rate
- 9.7 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Death rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Fertility rate
- 1.62 children per woman
- Field “People and Society → Total fertility rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Population growth
- +0.3% a year
- Field “People and Society → Population growth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Urban population
- 93.2%
- Field “People and Society → Urbanization → urban population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Languages
- Dutchofficial
- Frisianofficial
- Field “People and Society → Languages → Languages” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Religions
- Roman Catholic20.1%
- Protestant14.8%includes Dutch Reformed, Protestant Church of The Netherlands, Calvinist
- Muslim5%
- other54.1%
- Field “People and Society → Religions” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Land
- Total area
- 41,543 km²Land 33,893 km² · Water 7,650 km²
- Field “Geography → Area → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Coastline
- 451 km
- Field “Geography → Coastline” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Land borders
- 1,053 km
- Field “Geography → Land boundaries → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Mean elevation
- 30 m
- Field “Geography → Elevation → mean elevation” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Highest point
- 862 m Mount Scenery (on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, now considered an integral part of the Netherlands following the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles)
- Field “Geography → Elevation → highest point” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Values from the CIA World Factbook archive. Each carries the year it describes; open a year for the exact source field.
Connections
Natural geography 4
Natural Earth outlines · features with a Wikidata ID
Seas 2
Lakes 2
Largest cities 13
Population · Natural Earth
- The Haguecapital1.4M
- Amsterdamcapital1M
- Rotterdam1M
- Utrecht640K
- Eindhoven398.1K
- Haarlem350K
- Groningen216.7K
- Arnhem141.7K
- 's-Hertogenbosch134.5K
- Leeuwarden125.8K
- Maastricht122.4K
- Zwolle111.8K