Climate
The climate ranges from arctic to subarctic, with cool summers and cold winters. Continuous permafrost covers the northern part of the island.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Country
Greenland
74.32° N, 39.34° W
No land border at all — every neighbor is across water, along 44,087 km of coast, the 3rd longest on Earth.
land borders 0 km · 164th/230 · coastline 44,087 km · 3rd/229
CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · ranks computed across the countries in this atlas that carry the value
- Population
- 56,225
- Natural Earth population estimate.
- Area
- 2,166,086 km²
- Official total area (land + water) from the CIA World Factbook. Computed from the Natural Earth boundary: ≈ 2,171,354 km².
- Population density
- ≈ 0 / km²
- Population divided by the computed boundary area.
- ISO codes
- GL · GRL
- GDP (nominal)
- $3.33 billion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $71,000
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Greenland 2,166,086 km²Mongolia 1,564,116 km²
geometry: Natural Earth 1:50m · EPSG:6933 equal-area
Where Greenland sits in the world
Each line is every country in this atlas that carries the value, ordered smallest to largest. The line down the middle is the world median; the mark on each line is this country.
- Median age35.6 years95th of 224 · median 32.6 years
- Life expectancy74.5 years138th of 224 · median 76.2 years
- Fertility rate1.87 children per woman120th of 225 · median 1.92 children per woman
- Population56,225208th of 235 · median 5,454,073
- Total area2,166,086 km²13th of 228 · median 83,736 km²
- Coastline44,087 km3rd of 229 · median 402 km
Overview
People and society
Settlement is concentrated on the southwest shoreline, with limited settlements scattered along the remaining coast. The interior is uninhabited.
Its ethnic groups include Greenlandic, Danish, Filipino, other Nordic peoples, and others. Religions include Evangelical Lutheran and traditional Inuit spiritual beliefs.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Government
A parliamentary democracy, with the Parliament of Greenland or Inatsisartut, governs Greenland. Denmark's laws apply in some areas, while Greenland's law applies for the remainder. The latest constitutional milestone is 21 June 2009, the date of the Greenland Self-Government Act; earlier milestones were 1953 and 1979. Greenland has no independence, with extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark, and observes National Day on June 21.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Flag and symbols
A flag with two equal horizontal bands has white on top and red below, with a large disk set slightly to the left; the disk's top half is red and its bottom half white. The design represents the sun reflecting off a field of ice, and the colors are the same as the Danish flag, symbolizing Greenland's links to the Kingdom of Denmark. The national symbol is the polar bear.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Key figures
CIA World Factbook
Economy
- GDP (nominal)
- $3.33 billion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP (PPP)
- $4.04 billion
- Field “Economy → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $71,000
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP growth
- +0.9%
- Field “Economy → Real GDP growth rate → Real GDP growth rate 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Inflation (consumer prices)
- 1.2%
- Field “Economy → Inflation rate (consumer prices) → Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Exports
- $1.36 billion
- Field “Economy → Exports → Exports 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Imports
- $1.7 billion
- Field “Economy → Imports → Imports 2023” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
People
- Life expectancy
- 74.5 years
- Field “People and Society → Life expectancy at birth → total population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Median age
- 35.6 years
- Field “People and Society → Median age → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Birth rate
- 13.32 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Birth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Death rate
- 9.29 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Death rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Fertility rate
- 1.87 children per woman
- Field “People and Society → Total fertility rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Population growth
- -0.08% a year
- Field “People and Society → Population growth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Urban population
- 87.9%
- Field “People and Society → Urbanization → urban population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Languages
- Greenlandic
- Danish
- English
- Field “People and Society → Languages” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Religions
- Evangelical Lutheran
- traditional Inuit spiritual beliefs
- Field “People and Society → Religions” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Land
- Total area
- 2,166,086 km²
- Field “Geography → Area → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Coastline
- 44,087 km
- Field “Geography → Coastline” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Land borders
- 0 km
- Field “Geography → Land boundaries → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Mean elevation
- 1,792 m
- Field “Geography → Elevation → mean elevation” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Highest point
- 3,694 m Gunnbjorn Fjeld
- Field “Geography → Elevation → highest point” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Values from the CIA World Factbook archive. Each carries the year it describes; open a year for the exact source field.
Connections
Within
Natural geography 21
Natural Earth outlines · features with a Wikidata ID