Climate
From tropical monsoon in the south to temperate in the north, the climate varies across the country.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Country
India
22.69° N, 79.36° E
1,366,417,754 people live here — the 2nd largest population on Earth.
population 1,366,417,754 · 2nd/235
Natural Earth · ranks computed across the countries in this atlas that carry the value
- Population
- 1,366,417,754
- Natural Earth population estimate.
- Area
- 3,287,263 km²
- Official total area (land + water) from the CIA World Factbook. Computed from the Natural Earth boundary: ≈ 3,148,250 km².
- Population density
- ≈ 434 / km²
- Population divided by the computed boundary area.
- ISO codes
- IN · IND
- GDP (nominal)
- $3.91 trillion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $9,800
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
India 3,287,263 km²Algeria 2,381,740 km²
geometry: Natural Earth 1:50m · EPSG:6933 equal-area
Where India sits in the world
Each line is every country in this atlas that carries the value, ordered smallest to largest. The line down the middle is the world median; the mark on each line is this country.
- Median age30.1 years137th of 224 · median 32.6 years
- Life expectancy68.2 years187th of 224 · median 76.2 years
- Fertility rate2 children per woman100th of 225 · median 1.92 children per woman
- Population1,366,417,7542nd of 235 · median 5,454,073
- Total area3,287,263 km²8th of 228 · median 83,736 km²
- Coastline7,000 km20th of 229 · median 402 km
Overview
People and society
Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and other ethnic groups make up India's population. Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Gujarati, Urdu, Kannada, Odia, Malayalam, Punjabi, Assamese, and Maithili are spoken, alongside other languages. English is the subsidiary official language and the most important one for national, political, and commercial communication.
Religious affiliations include Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Sikh. A very high population density extends across most of the country, except in the deserts in the northwest and the mountain fringe in the north. The population core lies in the north along the banks of the Ganges, while other river valleys and southern coastal areas also have large population concentrations.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person
Key figures
CIA World Factbook
Economy
- GDP (nominal)
- $3.91 trillion
- Field “Economy → GDP (official exchange rate)” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP (PPP)
- $14.24 trillion
- Field “Economy → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) → Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP per capita (PPP)
- $9,800
- Field “Economy → Real GDP per capita → Real GDP per capita 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- GDP growth
- +6.5%
- Field “Economy → Real GDP growth rate → Real GDP growth rate 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Inflation (consumer prices)
- 5%
- Field “Economy → Inflation rate (consumer prices) → Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Unemployment
- 4.3%
- Field “Economy → Unemployment rate → Unemployment rate 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Exports
- $822.05 billion
- Field “Economy → Exports → Exports 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Imports
- $923.08 billion
- Field “Economy → Imports → Imports 2024” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
People
- Life expectancy
- 68.2 years
- Field “People and Society → Life expectancy at birth → total population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Median age
- 30.1 years
- Field “People and Society → Median age → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Birth rate
- 15.91 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Birth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Death rate
- 8.7 per 1,000
- Field “People and Society → Death rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Fertility rate
- 2 children per woman
- Field “People and Society → Total fertility rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Population growth
- +0.72% a year
- Field “People and Society → Population growth rate” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Urban population
- 36.4%
- Field “People and Society → Urbanization → urban population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Literacy
- 81.7%
- Field “People and Society → Literacy → total population” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Languages
- Hindi43.6%
- Bengali8%
- Marathi6.9%
- Telugu6.7%
- Tamil5.7%
- Gujarati4.6%
- Urdu4.2%
- Kannada3.6%
- Odia3.1%
- Malayalam2.9%
- Punjabi2.7%
- Assamese1.3%
- Maithili1.1%
- English is the subsidiary official language but is the most important one for national
- political
- and commercial communication
- others5.6%
- Field “People and Society → Languages → Languages” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Religions
- Hindu79.8%
- Muslim14.2%
- Christian2.3%
- Sikh1.7%
- other2%
- Field “People and Society → Religions” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Land
- Total area
- 3,287,263 km²Land 2,973,193 km² · Water 314,070 km²
- Field “Geography → Area → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Coastline
- 7,000 km
- Field “Geography → Coastline” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Land borders
- 13,888 km
- Field “Geography → Land boundaries → total” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Mean elevation
- 160 m
- Field “Geography → Elevation → mean elevation” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
- Highest point
- 8,586 m Kanchenjunga
- Field “Geography → Elevation → highest point” in the CIA World Factbook archive (frozen 2026-02-01). Public domain. The Factbook stopped publishing in February 2026; the year shows when the value was estimated.
Values from the CIA World Factbook archive. Each carries the year it describes; open a year for the exact source field.
Connections
Natural geography 33
Natural Earth outlines · features with a Wikidata ID
Straits 1
Bays 1
Lakes 1
Island groups 2
Mountain ranges 11
Deserts 2
Peninsulas 2
Largest cities 207
Population · Natural Earth
- Jaipur
- Lucknow
- Nagpur
- Patna
- Indore
- Vadodara
- Bhopal
- Coimbatore
- Ludhiana
- Agra
- Kalyan
- Vishakhapatnam
- Kochi
- Nasik
- Meerut
- Faridabad
- Varanasi
- Ghaziabad
- Asansol
- Jamshedpur
- Madurai
- Jabalpur
- Rajkot
- Dhanbad
- Amritsar
- Warangal
- Allahabad
- Srinagar
- Vijayawada
- Aurangabad
- Bhilai
- Sholapur
- Ranchi
- Jodhpur
- Guwahati
- Chandigarh
- Gwalior
- Thiruvananthapuram
- Kozhikode
- Tiruchirappalli
- Hubballi
- Mysuru
- Raipur
- Salem
- Jullundur
- Bhubaneshwar
- Kota
- Jhansi
- Bareilly
- Aligarh
- Bhiwandi
- Jammu
- Moradabad
- Mangaluru
- Kolhapur
- Amravati
- Dehra Dun
- Malegaon
- Nellore
- Gorakhpur
- Shivamogga
- Tiruppur
- Raurkela
- Nanded
- Belagavi
- Sangli
- Chandrapur
- Ajmer
- Cuttack
- Bikaner
- Bhavnagar
- Hisar
- Bilaspur
- Tirunelveli
- Guntur
- Siliguri
- Ujjain
- Davangere
- Akola
- Saharanpur
- Kalaburagi
- Bhatpara
- Dhule
- Udaipur
- Ballari
- Tuticorin
- Kurnool
- Gaya
- Sikar
- Tumakuru
- Kollam
- Ahmednagar
- Bhilwara
- Nizamabad
- Parbhani
- Shillong
- Latur
- Rajapalaiyam
- Bhagalpur
- Muzaffarnagar
- Muzaffarpur
- Mathura
- Patiala
- Sagar
- Brahmapur
- Shahjahanpur
- New Delhi
- Rohtak
- Sambalpur
- Ratlam
- Firozabad
- Rajahmundry
- Barddhaman
- Bidar
- Rampur
- Kakinada
- Panipat
- Khammam
- Bhuj
- Karimnagar
- Tirupati
- Hosapete
- Mandya
- Alwar
- Aizawl
- Vijayapura
- Imphal
- Etawah
- Raichur
- Pathankot
- Chirala
- Sonipat
- Mirzapur
- Hapur
- Porbandar
- Bharatpur
- Puducherry
- Karnal
- Nagercoil
- Thanjavur
- Pali
- Agartala
- Ongole
- Puri
- Dindigul
- Haldia
- Bulandshahr
- Purnia
- Proddatur
- Gurgaon
- Burhanpur
- Gandhinagar
- Machilipatnam
- Bhiwani
- Nandyal
- Bhusawal
- Bahraich
- Tonk
- Sirsa
- Vizianagaram
- Vellore
- Alappuzha
- Simla
- Medinipur
- Hindupur
- Baramula
- Fatehpur
- Dibrugarh
- Sitapur
- Navsari
- Budaun
- Cuddalore
- Hoshiarpur
- Kanchipuram
- Faizabad
- Silchar
- Ambala
- Krishnanagar
- Kolar
- Kumbakonam
- Tiruvannamalai
- Pilibhit
- Abohar
- Port Blair
- Alipur Duar
- Hathras
- Valparai
- Aurangabad
- Kohima
- Gangtok
- Karur
- Jorhat
- Panaji
- Sopore
- Tezpur