GeorgiaGeography
Between Türkiye and Russia, Georgia borders the Black Sea in southwestern Asia, with a sliver of land extending north of the Caucasus into Europe. Georgia views itself as part of Europe, while geopolitically it can be classified as within Europe, the Middle East, or both.
Largely mountainous, Georgia has the Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and the Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south. In the west, Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea, while the Mtkvari River Basin lies in the east. Fertile soils occur in river valley flood plains and the foothills of Kolkhida Lowland. Georgia has timber, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, and minor coal and oil deposits. Its coastal climate and soils allow important tea and citrus growth. Strategically located east of the Black Sea, Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them. The world's deepest caves are all in Georgia, including Krubera Cave and Veryovkina Cave.
Source: CIA World Factbook · 2026-02-01 · text generated from this source, approved by a person